上一篇,主要讲了canvas提供的基本的Image API;
本篇我们使用canvas提供的Image Api及变换,来实现一些实例:小车的简单运动、简单游戏地图、图像的平移缩放;
以下应用中使用到的图片:
图片1:tanks--[32*32]*8--tanks.png | 图片2:map--[32*32]*4--map.png |
 |  |
我们在Canvas上(50,50)的位置上显示tanks的前1/8部分(第一个tank),如何做呢?我们用part of image api;
context.drawImage(tanks,0,0,32,32,50,50,32,32);
如果要使当前的tank旋转90度如何实现呢?
Canvas中旋转操作不管是针对shape、text还是image都是一样的;
首先,要把canvas的current state压入堆栈:context.save();
然后启动变换:context.setTransform(1,0,0,1,0,0);
我们要以tank自身为中心旋转90度,所以,要把原点平移到tank的中心;
tank的位置(x,y)是(50,50),大小size(w,h)是(32,32);所以它的中心点为(x+w/2,y+h/2);
平移原点:context.translate(50 + 16, 50 + 16);
旋转:context.rotate(90*Math.PI/180);
且记:本来是要在canvas的(50,50)位置绘制图片,平移原点后,该位置坐标就变成(-16,-16);
绘制图片:context.drawImage(tanks, 0, 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);

图片旋转---完整代码 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Images</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../script/modernizr-latest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.addEventListener("load", eventWindowLoaded, false);
function eventWindowLoaded() {
canvasApp();
}
function canvasSupport() {
return Modernizr.canvas;
}
function canvasApp() {
if(!canvasSupport()) {
return;
}
var theCanvas = document.getElementById("canvasOne");
var context = theCanvas.getContext("2d");
var tanks = new Image();
tanks.addEventListener('load', eventLoaded, false);
tanks.src = "tanks.png";
var x = 50;
var y = 50;
function eventLoaded() {
drawScreen();
}
function drawScreen() {
context.fillStyle = "#aaaaaa";
context.fillRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
context.save();
context.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
context.translate(x + 16, y + 16);
var angleInRadians = 90 * Math.PI / 180;
context.rotate(angleInRadians);
context.drawImage(tanks, 0, 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);
context.restore();
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div style="position: absolute; top: 50px; left: 50px;">
<canvas id="canvasOne" width="500" height="500">
Your browser does not support HTML5 Canvas.
</canvas>
</div>
</body>
</html>
轮子转动动画
tanks一共有8个tank,每个图大小为(32,32);
如果我们要在(50,50)的位置上显示第2个tank,如果做呢?
第2个:context.drawImage(tanks, 32*(2-1), 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);
第3个:context.drawImage(tanks, 32*(3-1), 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);
依次类推,第8个:context.drawImage(tanks, 32*(8-1), 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);
每个tank图片的不同之处,就在于其轮子部位,如果我们用定时器100ms来轮流显示这1到8个tank图片,就会看到一个tank轮子转动动画;

tank轮子转动动画--完整代码 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>Images</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../script/modernizr-latest.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.addEventListener("load", eventWindowLoaded, false);
function eventWindowLoaded() {
canvasApp();
}
function canvasSupport() {
return Modernizr.canvas;
}
function canvasApp() {
if(!canvasSupport()) {
return;
}
var theCanvas = document.getElementById("canvasOne");
var context = theCanvas.getContext("2d");
var tanks = new Image();
tanks.addEventListener('load', eventLoaded, false);
tanks.src = "tanks.png";
//控制取第几个tank
var animationFrames = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7];
var frameIndex = 0;//当前动画帧
//tank的显示位置
var x = 50;
var y = 50;
function eventLoaded() {
startUp();
}
function drawScreen() {
context.fillStyle = "#aaaaaa";
context.fillRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
context.save();
context.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
context.translate(x + 16, y + 16);
var angleInRadians = 90 * Math.PI / 180;
context.rotate(angleInRadians);
var sourceX = animationFrames[frameIndex] * 32;//每次取图片的X位置
context.drawImage(tanks, sourceX, 0, 32, 32, -16, -16, 32, 32);
context.restore();
frameIndex++;
//循环动画控制
if(frameIndex == animationFrames.length) {
frameIndex = 0;
}
}
//